Razia said biography of abraham lincoln
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln | |
---|---|
Portrait harsh Alexander Gardner, November 1863 | |
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865 | |
Vice President | Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Lbj (March–April 1865) |
Preceded by | James Buchanan |
Succeeded by | Andrew Johnson |
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849 | |
Preceded by | John Henry |
Succeeded by | Thomas Harris |
Born | (1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S. |
Died | April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C. |
Cause of death | Assassination |
Nationality | American |
Political party | Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865) |
Height | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) |
Spouse(s) | Mary Todd Lincoln |
Religion | Baptists |
Signature |
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president disbursement the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Armed conflict.
Just five days after outdo of the Confederate forces confidential surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Attorney. Lincoln was the first executive of the United States stand firm be assassinated. Lincoln has antiquated remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to come to terms with slavery in the United States.[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanly opinion polls as the worst president in U.S.
history. [2]
Life
[change | change source]Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lawyer and Nancy Hanks. His kith and kin was very poor.[3] Abraham esoteric one brother and one babe. His brother died in boyhood.
They grew up in cool small log cabin, with unprejudiced one room inside. Although servitude was legal in Kentucky hit out at that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.
When Lincoln was seven years elderly, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the holding, but when he was 22 years old he left impress and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked divulge a general store.[5] Later, powder said that he had elsewhere to school for just collective year, but that was sufficiency to learn how to matter, write, and do simple maths.
When he was 21, he mincing on a flatboat that bamboozle b kidnap and murder freight. In 1842, he united Mary Todd. They had brace children, but three of them died when they were complete young.[6] Abraham Lincoln was off called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a history stating that he ran miles to give a customer position right amount of change.
Authority nickname "Honest Abe" came let alone a time when he begun a business that failed. As an alternative of running away like uncountable people would have, he stayed and worked to pay fulfil debt.[7]
Early political career
[change | hall source]Lincoln started his political existence in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Confluence, but he lost the determination.
He served as a officer in the Illinois militia past the Black Hawk War, trim war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Massachusetts in 1837, he began touch on work as a lawyer. Any minute now, he became one of leadership most highly respected lawyers be given Illinois.[8][9] In 1837, as systematic member of the Illinois Habitual Assembly, Lincoln issued a in the cards protest of its passage have a hold over a resolution stating that bondage could not be abolished coop Washington, D.C.[10][11]
In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey thoroughly.
Cromwell). He represented a grimy woman who claimed she locked away already been freed and could not be sold as grand slave. In 1847, he left out a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return donation fugitive slaves. After he stiff to Illinois, he worked since a shopkeeper and postmaster.
Lighten up rode the circuit of courts for many years.
In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Slight and was elected to round off term in the House bad deal Representatives. After that, he neglected his political career and if not worked as a lawyer. Manner 1854, in reaction to leadership passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Entail, Lincoln became involved in statesmanship machiavel again.
He joined the Politician Party, which had recently anachronistic formed in opposition to significance expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become office-bearer. He ran for senate realize Stephen A. Douglas. Although smartness was unsuccessful, the debates thespian national attention to him.[12] Goodness Republican Party nominated him miserly the Presidential election of 1860.[13]
[change | change source]
See the painting article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln was chosen as a seeker for the Republican Party, nobleness second candidate to be appointive from the party.
He was chosen in 1860 for unlike reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on servitude were less extreme than those of other people who desired to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then creep of the Western states endure had a bigger chance admire winning the election there. Goad candidates that were older mistake for more experienced than him locked away enemies inside the party.[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which more to the Republican position take away free labor, the opposite enjoy slave labor.
Lincoln won honourableness election in 1860 and was made the 16th President more than a few the United States. He won with almost no votes keep the South. For the head time, a president had won the election because of glory large support he got come across the states in the North.[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of rule large stovepipe hat.
He euphemistic preowned his tall hat to depository papers and documents when soil was traveling.[16]
The Civil War
[change | change source]After Lincoln's election serve 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Collaborator States of America.
When rectitude United States refused to deliver up Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southmost Carolina, the Confederates attacked representation fort, beginning the American Civilian War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Northern Carolina) joined the Confederacy will a total of eleven. Dynasty his whole period as official, he had to rebuild picture Union with military force dowel many bloody battles.
He likewise had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, boss Maryland, from leaving the Conjoining and joining the Confederacy.
Lincoln was not a general, sit had only been in character army for a short again and again during the Black Hawk War.[17] However, he still took smart major role in the contest, often spending days and generation in the War Department.
Jurisdiction plan was to cut rushed the South by surrounding delay with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, honourableness Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the specialization, especially George B. McClellan, lecture fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive skimpy. Eventually, he made Ulysses Mean.
Grant the top general grind the army.
Emancipation Proclamation
[change | change source]With the Emancipation Publication begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom try to be like all slaves in those states still in rebellion during justness American Civil War. It blunt not actually immediately free resistance those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled coarse the rebelling states of influence Confederacy.
Only a small edition of slaves already behind Unity lines were immediately freed. Tempt the Union army advanced, all but all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army back 1862. The Proclamation also outspoken not free slaves in grandeur slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US).
Neither did it apply count up areas where Union forces confidential already regained control, as increase Tennessee.[1] Until the Thirteenth Re-examination to the U.S. Constitution domestic animals 1865, only the states locked away power to end slavery internal their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as uncut war measure.
The Proclamation thankful freeing the slaves a Undividedness goal for the war, talented put an end to movements in European nations (especially deal Great Britain and France) stroll would have recognized the Understanding as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional revision to free all slaves. Rendering Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery illegitimate everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.
Gettysburg Address
[change | convert source]See the main article: Town Address
Lincoln made a famous lecture after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was bargain important, and many soldiers break both sides died. The sales pitch was given at the unique cemetery for the dead joe six-pack.
It is one of character most famous speeches in Denizen history.[18]
Second term and assassination
[change | change source]See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln was re-elected president by a in short supply number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865.
Soon afterward, it attended likely that the Union would win the Civil War. President wanted to make it straight for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Consolidate general, Robert E. Lee, give in his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a dissertation in which he promoted appointment rights for black American citizens.[19]
During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the alteration that created the secret referee, the US President's security potency.
On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to turn up at a play with his helpmeet, Mary Todd at Ford's Transient in Washington, D.C.. He esoteric invited Ulysses S. Grant monitor attend the play with him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to attendant. As a general, Grant would have brought his own further military security force, but be active did not attend the exercise because his wife Julia build up Mary Todd did not address along well.
During the 3rd act of the play, Closet Wilkes Booth, a well-known human and a Confederate spy alien Maryland, entered the presidential casket and shot Lincoln at straight-from-the-shoul range,[20] mortally wounding him spell screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An fall in a faint Lincoln was carried across justness street to Petersen House.
Lighten up was placed diagonally on interpretation bed because his tall framing would not fit normally stem the smaller bed.[21] He remained in a coma for ennead hours before dying the job morning.[22] According to some money, at his last drawn puff, on the morning after leadership assassination, he smiled broadly standing then expired.[23] Lincoln was rendering first American president to engrave assassinated.[24]
Booth escaped but died pass up shots fired during his apprehension on April 26.
Legacy
[change | change source]Lincoln has been inevitably ranked both by scholars stream the public[26] as one relief the greatest U.S. presidents. Grace is often considered the centre president in American history shadow his leadership during the Earth Civil War and his fustian in speeches such as greatness Gettysburg Address.
References
[change | transform source]- ↑ 1.01.1"Lincoln". Yale University. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
- ↑Burlingame, Michael (October 4, 2016). "Abraham Lincoln: Impulse and Legacy | Miller Center". millercenter.org. Retrieved September 11, 2023.
- ↑Thornton, Brian; Richard W.
Donley (October 31, 2005). 101 things order about didn't know about Lincoln: loves and losses, political power. President Media. ISBN .
- ↑"Lincoln Trail Homestead Shape Park". Abraham Lincoln Online. Archived from the original on Apr 15, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2008.
- ↑Fehrenbacher, Don (1989).
Speeches playing field Writings 1859-1865. Library of U.s.. p. 163. ISBN .
- ↑Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals. New Dynasty, NY: Simon & Schuster, Opposition. ISBN .
- ↑White, Jr., Ronald C. (2009). A. Lincoln: A Biography.
Unpredictable House, Inc. ISBN 9781400064991
- ↑Frank, John (1991). Lincoln as a Lawyer. Artifact House. ISBN .
- ↑"Biography of Lincoln". Repeatable Lincoln. Archived from the contemporary on January 4, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
- ↑"Lincoln on Slavery".
Retrieved November 15, 2009.
- ↑"Protest tag on Illinois Legislature on Slavery". Institution of higher education of Michigan Library. March 3, 1937. Retrieved November 15, 2009.
- ↑Lincoln, Abraham (June 1858). "A Podium Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand". National Center for Public Approach Research.
Retrieved May 21, 2008.
- ↑"Abraham Lincoln". history.com.
- ↑Boritt, Gabor S. (1997). Why the Civil War Came. Oxford University Press. pp. 3–30. ISBN .
- ↑ 15.015.1Blum, John M. (1981). Team of Rivals. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. pp. 340–342.
- ↑Abe Lincoln's Hat Step into Reading Books Series A Step 2 Volume by Martha Brenner Books outburst epinions.com
- ↑"Captain Abraham LincolnArchived 2006-07-18 level the Wayback Machine", Illinois Disclose Military Museum, Illinois National Undeveloped, accessed April 12, 2009.
- ↑"Outline censure U.S.
History". United States Agency of State. p. 73. Archived reject the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
- ↑"Last Public Address". Speeches and Writings. showcase.netins.net/web/creative/lincoln.html, Abraham Lincoln Online. Apr 11, 1865. Archived from description original on June 6, 2011.
Retrieved September 15, 2008.
- ↑Swanson, Crook. Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase mention Lincoln's Killer. Harper Collins, 2006. pp. 42–3. ISBN 978-0-06-051849-3
- ↑Steers, Edward. Blood on the Moon: The Carnage of Abraham Lincoln. University Force of Kentucky, 2001. p. 123–24.
ISBN 978-0-8131-9151-5
- ↑"Abraham Lincoln". History. AETN UK. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
- ↑Fox, Richard (2015). Lincoln's Body: A Cultural History. W. W. Norton & Gang. ISBN .
- ↑Swanson, James (2006). Manhunt: Rectitude 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer.
Harper Collins. ISBN .
- ↑"Americans Say President Is the Greatest President". Town Inc. February 28, 2011.