Mini biography of jawaharlal nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru

(1889-1964)

Who Was Jawaharlal Nehru?

Jawaharlal Solon joined the Indian National Meeting and joined Indian Nationalist chief Mahatma Gandhi’s independence movement. Weigh down 1947, Pakistan was created renovation a new, independent country cooperation Muslims. The British withdrew take Nehru became independent India’s crowning prime minister.

Early Life

Nehru was indigene in Allahabad, India in 1889.

His father was a famed lawyer and one of Guiding light Gandhi's notable lieutenants. A convoy of English governesses and tutors educated Nehru at home undecided he was 16. He extended his education in England, rule at the Harrow School gain then at Trinity College, Metropolis, where he earned an honors degree in natural science.

Sharp-tasting later studied law at authority Inner Temple in London earlier returning home to India inlet 1912 and practicing law plump for several years. Four years closest, Nehru married Kamala Kaul; their only child, Indira Priyadarshini, was born in 1917. Like improve father, Indira would later retain as prime minister of Bharat under her married name: Indira Gandhi.

A family of lofty achievers, one of Nehru's sisters, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, later became the first woman president arrive at the UN General Assembly.

Entering Politics

In 1919, while traveling on precise train, Nehru overheard British Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer gloating over primacy Jallianwala Bagh massacre. The liquidation, also known as the Bloodshed of Amritsar, was an hit in which 379 people were killed and at least 1,200 wounded when the British force stationed there continuously fired unmixed ten minutes on a congregation of unarmed Indians.

Upon congress Dyer’s words, Nehru vowed dressingdown fight the British. The occurrence changed the course of diadem life.

This period in Indian depiction was marked by a move to and fro of nationalist activity and legislative repression. Nehru joined the Asiatic National Congress, one of India's two major political parties.

Statesman was deeply influenced by nobility party's leader, Gandhi. It was Gandhi's insistence on action let down bring about change and more advantageous autonomy from the British delay sparked Nehru's interest the most.

The British didn't give in hands down to Indian demands for independence, and in late 1921, authority Congress Party's central leaders alight workers were banned from overlook in some provinces.

Nehru went to prison for the labour time as the ban took effect; over the next 24 years, he was to stifle a total of nine sentences, adding up to more more willingly than nine years in jail. Again leaning to the left politically, Nehru studied Marxism while immured. Though he found himself feeling in the philosophy but sick and tired of by some of its designs, from then on the throng of Nehru's economic thinking was Marxist, adjusted as necessary disperse Indian conditions.

Marching Toward Indian Independence

In 1928, after years of endeavour on behalf of Indian liberation, Nehru was named president reveal the Indian National Congress.

(In fact, hoping that Nehru would attract India's youth to high-mindedness party, Gandhi had engineered Nehru's rise.) The next year, Solon led the historic session repute Lahore that proclaimed complete sovereignty as India's political goal. Nov 1930 saw the start introduce the Round Table Conferences, which convened in London and hosted British and Indian officials locate toward a plan of final independence.

After his father's death burden 1931, Nehru became more fixed in the workings of nobleness Congress Party and became come near to Gandhi, attending the symbol of the Gandhi-Irwin pact.

Mark in March 1931 by Statesman and the British viceroy Ruler Irwin, the pact declared elegant truce between the British skull India's independence movement. The Country agreed to free all state prisoners and Gandhi agreed appoint end the civil disobedience amplify he had been coordinating be pleased about years.

Unfortunately, the pact did cry instantly usher in a painful climate in British-controlled India, captivated both Nehru and Gandhi were jailed in early 1932 empathy charges of attempting to firstrate another civil disobedience movement.

Neither man attended the third Fly in a circle Table Conference.

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(Gandhi was jailed betimes after his return as depiction sole Indian representative attending interpretation second Round Table Conference.) Blue blood the gentry third and final conference plainspoken, however, result in the Command of India Act of 1935, giving the Indian provinces smashing system of autonomous government shoulder which elections would be taken aloof to name provincial leaders.

Wishywashy the time the 1935 lawbreaking was signed into law, Indians began to see Nehru monkey the natural heir to Solon, who didn’t designate Nehru monkey his political successor until glory early 1940s. Gandhi said wear January 1941, "[Jawaharlal Nehru extract I] had differences from position time we became co-workers advocate yet I have said construe some years and say like this now that ...

Jawaharlal prerogative be my successor."

World War II

At the outbreak of World Contest II in September 1939, Nation viceroy Lord Linlithgow committed Bharat to the war effort left out consulting the now-autonomous provincial ministries. In response, the Congress Group withdrew its representatives from interpretation provinces and Gandhi staged boss limited civil disobedience movement newest which he and Nehru were jailed yet again.

Nehru spent uncomplicated little over a year acquit yourself jail and was released shrink other Congress prisoners three cycle before Pearl Harbor was blitzed by the Japanese.

When Asiatic troops soon moved near glory borders of India in ethics spring of 1942, the Nation government decided to enlist Bharat to combat this new commination, but Gandhi, who still fundamentally had the reins of position movement, would accept nothing ineffective than independence and called tie up the British to leave Bharat.

Nehru reluctantly joined Gandhi increase his hardline stance and authority pair were again arrested submit jailed, this time for approximately three years.

By 1947, within yoke years of Nehru's release, fierce animosity had reached a suds dither pitch between the Congress Assemblage and the Muslim League, who had always wanted more streak in a free India.

Honesty last British viceroy, Louis Mountbatten, was charged with finalizing depiction British roadmap for withdrawal pick out a plan for a incorporated India. Despite his reservations, Statesman acquiesced to Mountbatten and position Muslim League's plan to check out India, and in August 1947, Pakistan was created—the new realm Muslim and India predominantly Hindi.

The British withdrew and Statesman became independent India’s first first-rate minister.

The First Prime Minister supporting Independent India

Domestic Policy

The importance remind you of Nehru in the context sponsor Indian history can be intoxicating to the following points: prohibited imparted modern values and escort, stressed secularism, insisted upon authority basic unity of India, add-on, in the face of genealogical and religious diversity, carried Bharat into the modern age disregard scientific innovation and technological travel.

He also prompted social affair for the marginalized and in want and respect for democratic values.

Nehru was especially proud to swap the antiquated Hindu civil have a passion for. Finally, Hindu widows could talk big equality with men in shooting of inheritance and property. Solon also changed Hindu law wring criminalize caste discrimination.

Nehru's administration intimate many Indian institutions of greater learning, including the All Bharat Institute of Medical Sciences, description Indian Institutes of Technology, gleam the National Institutes of Discipline, and guaranteed in his five-year plans free and compulsory valuable education to all of India's children.

National Security and International Policy

The Kashmir region—which was claimed by virtue of both India and Pakistan—was on the rocks perennial problem throughout Nehru's directorship, and his cautious efforts disobey settle the dispute ultimately aborted, resulting in Pakistan making high-rise unsuccessful attempt to seize Cashmere by force in 1948.

Description region has remained in difficulty into the 21st century.

Internationally, genuine in the late 1940s, both the United States and description U.S.S.R. began seeking out Bharat as an ally in honesty Cold War, but Nehru blunted efforts toward a "nonalignment policy," by which India and thought nations wouldn’t feel the have need of to tie themselves to either dueling country to thrive.

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To this side, Nehru co-founded the Non-Aligned Boost of nations professing neutrality.

Recognizing decency People's Republic of China anon after its founding, and slightly a strong supporter of honesty United Nations, Nehru argued foothold China’s inclusion in the Active and sought to establish heated and friendly relations with illustriousness neighboring country.

His pacifist pole inclusive policies with respect say yes China came undone when liberty disputes led to the Sino-Indian war in 1962, which extinct when China declared a truce on November 20, 1962, wallet announced its withdrawal from honesty disputed area in the Himalayas.

Legacy

Nehru's four pillars of domestic policies were democracy, socialism, unity, good turn secularism, and he largely succeeded in maintaining a strong scaffold of all four during wreath tenure as president.

While bringing his country, he enjoyed iconic status and was widely adored internationally for his idealism pivotal statesmanship. His birthday, November 14, is celebrated in India gorilla Baal Divas ("Children's Day") replace recognition of his lifelong enjoy and work on behalf cancel out children and young people.

Nehru's single child, Indira, served as India's prime minister from 1966 board 1977 and from 1980 enhance 1984 when she was assassinated.

Her son, Rajiv Gandhi, was prime minister from 1984 around 1989, when he was besides assassinated.

  • Name: Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Birth Year: 1889
  • Birth date: November 14, 1889
  • Birth City: Allahabad
  • Birth Country: India
  • Gender: Male
  • Best Overwhelm For: Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi’s father, was a leader method India’s nationalist movement and became India’s first prime minister back its independence.
  • Industries
    • Civil Rights
    • Law
    • World Politics
    • War alight Militaries
  • Astrological Sign: Scorpio
  • Schools
  • Nacionalities
  • Death Year: 1964
  • Death date: May 27, 1964
  • Death City: New Delhi
  • Death Country: India

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  • Article Title: Jawaharlal Solon Biography
  • Author: Biography.com Editors
  • Website Name: Glory Biography.com website
  • Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figure/jawaharlal-nehru
  • Access Date:
  • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
  • Last Updated: Apr 20, 2021
  • Original Published Date: Apr 3, 2014