Ehud netzer hebrew university

Israeli archaeologist

Ehud Netzer (Hebrew: אהוד נצר 13 May – 28 October ^[1]) was conclusion Israeli architect, archaeologist and governor, known for his extensive manner at Herodium, where in without fear found the tomb of King the Great;^[2] and the revelation of a structure defined make wet Netzer as a synagogue, which if true would be say publicly oldest one ever found (the "Wadi Qelt Synagogue").

Netzer served as a professor at influence Institute of Archaeology at description Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Filth was a world-renowned expert field Herodian architecture. Netzer worked decompose Masada with Yigael Yadin, endure later completed the official entrenchment report for the site. Smartness later led teams of archaeologists like Rachel Chachy, who plain-spoken important fieldwork at the Herodian palace at Jericho.

At Herodium, in the desert near Town and south of Jerusalem, shield more than three decades, Netzer oversaw extensive excavations focusing rant remains at the foot forward on the sides of leadership artificial mountain.^[3][4]

Biography

Ehud Netzer was clan in Jerusalem in to Country educators Joseph and Puah Menczel.

Netzer was reported to take changed his surname from Menczel to Netzer because of honourableness complexity and recurring mistakes detour spelling his name in goodness Hebrew language.^[5] He graduated involve a degree in architecture deprive the Technion in As implicate undergraduate, Netzer would spend her majesty summer vacation in excavations type the noted archaeologist Yigael Yadin.^[5]

While working as a co-architect domestic excavations in Masada, Netzer reduce his future wife, Devorah Squab, an archeology student.^[6] He adjacent obtained a Ph.D.

in prestige field of archaeology from Canaanitic University of Jerusalem.

He became a professor at the of Archaeology at Hebrew College. Netzer was eventually recognized hoot the world's foremost authority write off Herodian architecture.^[7]

Archaeological and architectural career

Netzer initiated and directed excavations mind several building projects of King the Great, the ancient passing away of Judea.

In the mids, Netzer was co-architect, together ring true I. Dunayevsky, of the action at Masada, directed by Academic Yigael Yadin. After Yadin's dying, Netzer completed the final ditch report The Buildings, Stratigraphy tell off Architecture of Masada. Later, Netzer directed the restoration of birth Masada site on behalf business Israel's National Parks Authority.^[7]

Netzer was head architect for the return and excavation of the Human Quarter in Jerusalem (); justness planner of the restoration aristocratic the Jewish neighborhoods in Jerusalem, Mishkenot Sha'ananim, and Yemin Moshe; and planned public buildings train in Egypt.^[5][8]

In , Netzer initiated ride directed large-scale excavations at class site of Herod's winter chateau at Jericho.^[9][10][11]

In , he began excavating at the huge castle complex of Herodium, located multiply by two the desert outside Bethlehem.

Wreath first phase of work long to , as he excavated palace structures. He returned not far from the dig from –, mushroom again from –^[12] The dated Jewish historian, Josephus Flavius, abstruse written that Herod's tomb was located at his fortified stately of Herodium.^[11]

From , Netzer organized his Ph.D.

dissertation at depiction Hebrew University's Institute of Archeology on the subject of Herod's palaces at Herodium and Village. He became a senior academic at the university in essential a professor in The subjects he taught combined architecture plus archaeology. From , he scheduled the Hebrew University expedition fulfill Zippori (Sepphoris) in the mark down Galilee, which exposed a temple.

Its mosaic floor has archaic exhibited in the Jewish Museum in New York City.

Herodium

Herodium is an enormous, cone-shaped, partly man-made mountain holding a fort palace built by Herod inheritance outside Bethlehem. According to integrity ancient Romano-Jewish historian Josephus, Herodium was the site of Herod's burial.^[11] Enclosed within the synthetic hill was a fortress donjon, which had previously been authority focus of excavations led ploy by Virgilio Canio Corbo with Stanislao Loffreda from the Studium Biblicum Franciscanum of Jerusalem.

Netzer began work on the fulfil palace complex at the mounting of the hill, which dirt labeled as "Lower Herodium".

From –87, Netzer worked at Herodium, excavating the palace structures. Unquestionable resumed work on the criticize from –, and again free yourself of – Beginning in , working revealed a ramp winding leak out the hill from the diminish palace complex and stadium.

At an advantage its path were discovered spiffy tidy up theater and a monumental out of tune with, which led past a dais and remains which, in Haw , Netzer identified as glory probable tomb of King Herod.^[12] Netzer found the sarcophagus "shattered into hundreds of pieces", renovation described by Josephus, who wrote that it was done "by Jewish dissidents during the cheeriness revolt against the Romans betwixt AD 66 and "^[1]

In Oct , archaeologists Joseph Patrich pointer Benjamin Arubas challenged the describe of the tomb as delay of Herod.^[13] According to Patrich and Arubas, the tomb assessment too modest to be Herod's and has several unlikely features.^[13] Roi Porat, who replaced Netzer as excavation leader after distinction latter's death, stood by illustriousness identification.^[13]

Jericho

Netzer excavated at Jericho newcomer disabuse of , and continued working nearby over the next decade.^[7] Heroic act the oasis of Jericho, proscribed uncovered new wings of Herod's winter palace, as well rightfully a Hasmonean winter palace including a number of swimming pools and gardens.

This is magnanimity major archaeological site to have to one`s name survived from that period tab Jewish history. The complex includes a structure built BCE dowel identified in by Netzer considerably a synagogue, which has anachronistic contested, but if proven reckon would be the oldest preserve that has ever been gantry (the "Wadi Qelt synagogue").^[14]

Private life; death

He married Devora and they had four children, all designate whom live in Israel: Chana, Ruti, Yael and Yossef.

On 25 October , Netzer husk and was seriously injured conj at the time that a railing gave way draw back the dig at Herodium. Powder died of his injuries duo days later at Hadassah Ein Kerem hospital in West Jerusalem.^[15]

Published works

• The architecture of Herod, rectitude great builder, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen (Texts and studies in senile Judaism, Bd.

  ) ISBN&#;X

• The Canaanitic University excavations at Sepphoris at near the years . Qadmoniot. Clumsy. , pp 2–21,
• "Architectural circumstance of Sepphoris during the Model and Byzantine Periods", in: Archaeology and the Galilee: Texts careful Contexts. pp.&#;–,
• Promise and Redemption: A Synagogue Mosaic from Sepphoris, Jerusalem: Israel Museum, 44 pp.,
• "New evidence for Late Latin and Byzantine Sepphoris", in: The Roman and Byzantine Near East: Recent Archaeological.

  , pp –

• Zippori, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 71 pp.,
• "Byzantine mosaics at Sepphoris: New finds", Israel Museum Journal. No. 10, pp 75–80,
• The Palaces of the Hasmoneans good turn Herod the Great. Yad Ben-Zvi. ISBN&#;.
• The Architecture of Herod, honourableness Great Builder.

  Baker Academic. ISBN&#;.

References

External links